# Russian translation for GNU Solfege Manual. # Copyright (C) 2001, 2002, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This file is distributed under the same license as the solfege package. # Copyright (C) YEAR Tom Cato Amundsen # Ruslan Fedyarov , 2008, 2010. # Pavel Maryanov , 2008. # Pavel Maryanov , 2010. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: solfege-manual 3.18.1\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2010-12-31 13:04+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2010-10-18 18:31+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Pavel Maryanov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" "X-Bugs: Report translation errors to the Language-Team address.\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #: help/C/twelvetone.xml:2(title) msgid "Sing 12 random notes" msgstr "Спойте 12 случайных нот" #: help/C/twelvetone.xml:13(para) msgid "In this exercise, the program will display all the twelve tones in the scale in a random order and play the first one. Then you should sing all the notes and see if the last note matches. So this is more like an exam in sight singing than an exercise for learning how to sing the intervals. For that you should try some of the other interval exercises." msgstr "В этом упражнении программа будет показывать все 12 нот в ладу в случайном порядке и воспроизводить первую. После этого вы должны спеть все ноты и посмотреть, совпадает ли последняя нота. Так что это больше похоже на экзамен по пению с листа, чем упражнение для обучения пению интервалов. Для этого вы должны попробовать какие-либо другие встроенные упражнения." #: help/C/trainingset-editor.xml:2(title) msgid "Training set editor" msgstr "" #: help/C/trainingset-editor.xml:10(phrase) msgid "Screenshot of the trainingset-editor window." msgstr "" #: help/C/trainingset-editor.xml:15(para) msgid "The training set editor let you create MIDI/WAV/MP3/OGG files of questions so that you can upload them to your pda, cell phone or MP3 player. A solution sheet will be generated for you to print out. Then you can let the MP3 player play the tracks by random order, and you can use the solution sheet to check if you recognized the music correctly." msgstr "" #: help/C/trainingset-editor.xml:21(para) msgid "You use the training set editor to define which exercises to generate. You can save your definition in a file for later use. Each time you click Export a new set of files are generated in a directory of your choice. You have to manually upload the generated sound files to you mobile device." msgstr "" #: help/C/trainingset-editor.xml:27(para) msgid "The program let you generate questions from as many lesson files as you like, but the most typical usage would be to generate lots of questions from just a single, or just a few files." msgstr "" #: help/C/trainingset-editor.xml:31(para) msgid "The programs used to convert between the different file formats are defined in Gui page of the preferences window. Please check the definitions there if you have problems converting the MIDI files to WAV, MP3 or OGG format." msgstr "" #: help/C/trainingset-editor.xml:38(title) msgid "Table headings explained" msgstr "" #: help/C/trainingset-editor.xml:40(term) msgid "Count" msgstr "" #: help/C/trainingset-editor.xml:41(para) msgid "The number of questions to generate from the lesson file." msgstr "" #: help/C/trainingset-editor.xml:45(term) msgid "Repeat" msgstr "" #: help/C/trainingset-editor.xml:46(para) msgid "The number of times to repeat each question." msgstr "" #: help/C/trainingset-editor.xml:50(term) msgid "Delay" msgstr "" #: help/C/trainingset-editor.xml:50(para) msgid "How long delay it will be between the questions. Measured in the length of quarter-notes." msgstr "" #: help/C/solfege.xml:21(title) msgid "&app; &appversion; User Manual" msgstr "&app; &appversion; Руководство пользователя" #: help/C/solfege.xml:23(year) help/C/solfege.xml:32(year) msgid "2005" msgstr "2005" #: help/C/solfege.xml:27(year) msgid "2000" msgstr "2000" #: help/C/solfege.xml:28(year) msgid "2001" msgstr "2001" #: help/C/solfege.xml:29(year) msgid "2002" msgstr "2002" #: help/C/solfege.xml:30(year) msgid "2003" msgstr "2003" #: help/C/solfege.xml:31(year) msgid "2004" msgstr "2004" #: help/C/solfege.xml:33(year) msgid "2006" msgstr "2006" #: help/C/solfege.xml:34(year) msgid "2007" msgstr "2007" #: help/C/solfege.xml:35(year) msgid "2008" msgstr "2008" #: help/C/solfege.xml:36(year) msgid "2009" msgstr "2009" #: help/C/solfege.xml:37(year) msgid "2010" msgstr "2010" #: help/C/solfege.xml:52(para) msgid "Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. The full text of the License is available in ." msgstr "Настоящим предоставляется разрешение копировать, распространять и/или модифицировать этот документ на условиях Лицензии GNU General Public License, как она опубликована Фондом Свободного Программного обеспечения; либо версии 3 данной Лицензии, либо (по Вашему усмотрению) любой более поздней версии. Полный текст Лицензии доступен в ." #: help/C/solfege.xml:63(title) msgid "Introduction" msgstr "Введение" #: help/C/solfege.xml:66(title) msgid "Welcome to GNU Solfege" msgstr "Добро пожаловать в GNU Solfege" #: help/C/solfege.xml:67(para) msgid "Solfege is a free eartraining program. The program is part of the GNU Project. Check for info on mailinglists and where to get the latest version of Solfege." msgstr "Solfege - это свободная программа для тренировки слуха. Эта программа является частью Проекта GNU. Обратитесь к за информацией о списках рассылки и о том, где можно получить самую последнюю версию Solfege." #: help/C/solfege.xml:73(para) msgid "One of the ideas of this program is that you can extend the program without having to dig into the source code. If you want to practise some special chords or want to practise dictation with some music not included, you can write lesson files and put them into a lessonfiles/ subdirectory in your $HOME directory. If you create good lesson files, you really should consider contributing them by sending them to the mailinglist so I can add them to the next version of this program." msgstr "Одна из идей этой программы - это то, что Вы можете расширять программу, не углубляясь в исходный код. Если Вы хотите попрактиковаться с какими-либо особыми аккордами или с диктантами с музыкой, не включенной здесь, Вы можете написать файлы уроков и разместить их в подкаталоге lessonfiles/ в Вашей папке $HOME. Если Вы создадите хорошие файлы уроков, Вам правда следует подумать о том, чтобы сделать свой вклад, послав их в список рассылки, чтобы я мог добавить их в следующую версию данной программы." #: help/C/solfege.xml:101(title) msgid "Help sections for the exercises" msgstr "" #: help/C/singinterval.xml:2(title) msgid "Sing interval" msgstr "" #: help/C/singinterval.xml:10(phrase) msgid "Screenshot of the sing interval exercise." msgstr "" #: help/C/singinterval.xml:15(para) msgid "In this exercise, Solfege will display one or more intervals, and you should sing them. Unfortunately, it is not yet possible to sing into a microphone and let Solfege decide if you sing correct, so you have to decide yourself if you are correct or wrong." msgstr "" #: help/C/singinterval.xml:17(title) help/C/idtone.xml:58(title) msgid "Config" msgstr "" #: help/C/singinterval.xml:18(para) msgid "The program will try to make a question where all tones are within the range the user can sing, as configured in the preferences window. Sometimes, it is not possible to keep the question within this range, for example when the exercise is configured to create many intervals where all intervals go upwards." msgstr "" #: help/C/singchord.xml:2(title) msgid "Sing chord" msgstr "" #: help/C/singchord.xml:11(phrase) help/C/idtone.xml:10(phrase) #: help/C/idproperty.xml:11(phrase) help/C/idbyname-intonation.xml:10(phrase) #: help/C/idbyname-chords.xml:10(phrase) #: help/C/elembuilder-harmonic-progressions.xml:10(phrase) msgid "Screenshot of the program." msgstr "" #: help/C/singchord.xml:17(para) msgid "If you are conducting a choir, you have to sing the starting tones for the different voices, and if you don't have a piano near by, you have to use a tuning fork. If you are a male, you will sing the tones for the women, one octave deeper, and visa versa." msgstr "" #: help/C/singchord.xml:22(para) msgid "The program will play the tone A (440 hz) for you, and display a chord that you must sing. Solfege does not yet have support for microphone, so you will have to decide yourself if your answer is correct or not." msgstr "" #: help/C/scales.xml:2(title) help/C/music-theory.xml:4(title) msgid "Scales" msgstr "Лады" #: help/C/scales.xml:3(para) msgid "Scales are a complex matter. For example is the greek lydian (C-D-E-F-G-A-B-C) different from the medieval and modern lydian (C-D-E-F#-G-A-B-C). You can read about all the scales used in GNU Solfege here." msgstr "Лады - сложная штука. Например, греческий лидийский (C-D-E-F-G-A-B-C) отличается от средневекового и современного лидийского (C-D-E-F#-G-A-B-C). Вы можете прочесть все о ладах, используемых в GNU Solfege здесь." #: help/C/scales.xml:6(para) msgid "Solfege has three variants of scale exercises so far." msgstr "" #: help/C/scales.xml:8(para) msgid "Solfege will play a scale, and you should identify the scale by clicking on the button with the scale name." msgstr "" #: help/C/scales.xml:11(para) msgid "Solfege will play a scale, and you should identify the structure of the scale. You will be presented a collection of buttons labeled with a number of '1', '2' and '3'. These numbers represent the intervals minor second, major second and minor third that are between the tones of the scale." msgstr "" #: help/C/scales.xml:12(para) msgid "Solfege will play a scale, and you should identify the grade. For example may Solfege take the natural minor scale, and play it from any of the tones one the scale, and you must tell which tone it starts on." msgstr "" #: help/C/rhythm.xml:2(title) msgid "Rhythm" msgstr "" #: help/C/rhythm.xml:10(phrase) msgid "Screenshot of the program running the chord exercise." msgstr "" #: help/C/rhythm.xml:16(para) msgid "The program play a randomly generated rhythm, and the user should reproduce the rhythm. The user enters the rhythm by clicking on buttons representing different rhythmic elements." msgstr "" #: help/C/rhythm.xml:20(para) msgid "When you have entered enough rhythm elements, Solfege will check your answer. If everything is correct is will display a happy face, otherwise a sad face, and all wrong rhythms will be marked." msgstr "" #: help/C/rhythm.xml:24(para) msgid "If some of your answer was wrong, everything from the first wrong element will be removed (preserving any correct rhythms in the beginning of your answer) when you click on the sad face, or when you click on the rhythm buttons on top of the page." msgstr "" #: help/C/rhythm.xml:29(para) msgid "You can click the 'Play' button to hear your suggestion." msgstr "" #: help/C/rhythm.xml:31(para) msgid "The questions made by this exercise are at the moment made by selecting rhythm elements randomly. This is not the best way to do it, and we hope a more clever way of generating questions will be made in a later release." msgstr "" #: help/C/rhythmtapping2.xml:2(title) msgid "Tap the rhythm" msgstr "" #: help/C/rhythmtapping2.xml:3(para) msgid "The program will play a randomly generated rhythm, and the user should reproduce the rhythm. The user enters the rhythm by tapping on the button labeled Tap here." msgstr "" #: help/C/profile-manager.xml:2(title) msgid "Profile Manager" msgstr "" #: help/C/profile-manager.xml:12(para) msgid "The profile manager let multiple Solfege users share a login on your operating system. The profiles will share the config file, but they will have separate statistics and test results." msgstr "" #: help/C/profile-manager.xml:17(para) msgid "The profile manager will display at program startup if more than one profile exists. You can also access the profile manager by selecting Profile Manager from the File." msgstr "" #: help/C/profile-manager.xml:23(para) msgid "Check Don't ask at startup if you don't want to see the profile manager at startup. It will then remember the last profile selected when you close the profile manager and start the program with that profile." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:2(title) msgid "Preferences window" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:4(title) msgid "Instruments" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:12(phrase) msgid "Screenshot of the 'Midi' page of the preferences window." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:18(title) msgid "Tempo" msgstr "" #. translators: don't translate the module names in this paragraph. #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:20(para) msgid "Set the tempo (beats per minute) for music and arpeggios. These values are used by exercises written with these exercise modules: compareintervals, harmonicintervals, idtone, melodicinterval, singchord, singinterval, twelvetone, rhythm, identifybpm, nameinterval. Other exercises will either have the tempo set in the lesson file or on the config page of the exercise." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:37(title) msgid "Preferred instrument" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:38(para) msgid "Set the midi instrument and volume used for most exercises." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:41(title) msgid "Chord instruments" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:42(para) msgid "Solfege can use three different instruments when playing chords. One for the highest tone, one for the tones in the middle and one for the bass tone. This can be helpful if you find it difficult to hear individual tones in chords." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:48(title) msgid "Preferred percussion instruments" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:49(para) msgid "Set the percussion instrument used for count-in before rhythm questions, and the instrument used to play the question." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:57(title) msgid "User" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:65(phrase) msgid "Screenshot of the 'User' page of the preferences window." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:71(para) msgid "Solfege uses this info in some exercises where the user is supposed to sing." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:73(title) msgid "Lowest/highest tone the user can sing" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:74(para) msgid "These spin buttons tell Solfege the highest and lowest tone the user can sing. These values are only considered advisory by the program. If for example the values are set to c to c' and you have configured the program to ask you to sing minor and major tenths, you will have to sing tones outside this range." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:81(title) msgid "Sex" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:82(para) msgid "Solfege need to know if the user is male or female when creating some of the questions where the user will sing the answer. This because the male voice sound one octave lower than the female voice." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:89(title) msgid "External programs" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:97(phrase) msgid "Screenshot of the 'External programs' page of the preferences window." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:103(para) msgid "Solfege will search the PATH for the programs you enter on this page. So you only have to enter the full path if the programs are installed outside the PATH." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:109(title) msgid "Converters" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:110(para) msgid "Give command lines that can convert between different audio formats. %(in)s will be replaced with the name of the file we convert from, and %(out)s with the name we convert to. It is not necessary to enter %(out)s if the program automatically saved to a new file with the correct file extension." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:118(title) msgid "Audio players" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:119(para) msgid "Command lines that can play different audio formats. %s will be replaced with the name of the file to be played. The file name will be appended to the end of the string if you do not include a %s." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:127(title) msgid "Miscellaneous" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:128(para) msgid "A few exercises make use of the programs CSound and MMA. Lilypond-book is required to make ear training test printouts, and latex is required if the printout should be created in dvi format. Without latex, you can still create html output." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:134(para) msgid "If the file entered is a file ending with .py, then the script will be run by the same python interpreter as Solfege itself." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:138(para) msgid "\"Mail program\" defines the command that starts the mail program when you click on email addresses in the user manual." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:145(title) msgid "Interface" msgstr "Интерфейс" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:153(phrase) msgid "Screenshot of the 'Interface' page of the preferences window." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:159(para) msgid "Display user manual in web browser: Use this as an alternative to the help browser included with the program." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:161(para) msgid "Resizeable main window: Allow the user to resize the main solfege window." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:163(para) msgid "Select language: You can manually select the language you want if Solfege does not detect this correctly, or if you want to run Solfege with a different language that your operating system." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:169(title) msgid "Practise" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:177(phrase) msgid "Screenshot of the 'Practise' page of the preferences window." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:182(para) msgid "Not allow new question before the old is solved: Disable the 'new' button until the question is answered correctly or the user clicks \"give up\"." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:183(para) msgid "Repeat question if the answer was wrong: Play the sound again when the user gives an incorrect answer." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:184(para) msgid "Expert mode: Enabling this option in exercises using the idbyname and idproperty modules will let you select to practise only a subset of the questions in the lesson file. Practising with expert mode enabled will not save any statistics." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:193(title) msgid "Sound setup" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:201(phrase) msgid "Screenshot of the 'Sound setup' page of the preferences window." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:213(phrase) msgid "Screenshot of the 'Sound setup' page of the preferences window, running on MS Windows XP." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:219(title) msgid "Midi setup" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:221(title) msgid "There are three ways to play sound:" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:223(term) msgid "No sound:" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:225(para) msgid "Use this for debugging or when you are porting Solfege. No sounds are played, the midi events are printed to stdout." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:229(term) msgid "Use device:" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:231(para) msgid "The best choice here is usually /dev/music because it has the best support for percussion instruments. /dev/sequencer2 is usually a symbolic link to /dev/music. If your system don't have /dev/music, you can create it with this command as root (if you run the linux kernel version 2.2 or later):" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:236(para) msgid "cd /dev mknod music u 14 8" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:237(para) msgid "On MS Windows this choise is labeled Windows multimedia output." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:241(term) msgid "Use external midiplayer:" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:243(para) msgid "This can be useful when porting to systems that don't use OSS, or if you have a bad midi synth on your soundcard and want to use timidity." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:250(title) #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:261(title) msgid "Statistics" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:252(title) msgid "Statistics from 3.15 and older" msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:253(para) msgid "Versions of Solfege before 3.16.0 saved statistics in many small files. Solfege 3.16.0 and newer will import these files into the new database file the first time the program is run, but it will leave the old files on your computer. It is safe to delete these files after you have run solfege 3.16.0 or newer once. The files are stored in the statistics directory of the application data directory." msgstr "" #: help/C/preferences-window.xml:262(para) msgid "Statistics are now saved in a file statistics.sqlite in the application data directory. The exact location of the directory can be found by selecting File Locations on the Help menu. Click Delete to reset you statistics and start with an empty statistics.sqlite file." msgstr "" #: help/C/online-resources.xml:2(title) msgid "Online resources" msgstr "Онлайн-ресурсы" #: help/C/online-resources.xml:3(para) msgid "The homepage for Solfege is http://www.solfege.org. There is also a smaller page with more static info at http://www.gnu.org/software/solfege/." msgstr "" #: help/C/online-resources.xml:5(title) msgid "Download Solfege" msgstr "" #: help/C/online-resources.xml:6(para) msgid "The source code is available from http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/solfege. If you are adventurous, you can try the unstable (buggy, but might contain new stuff) releases from http://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/solfege. These releases might have more bugs, but then you get the chance to try new stuff and find and report bugs." msgstr "" #: help/C/online-resources.xml:7(para) msgid "Source code and some precompiled binaries are available from http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=1465." msgstr "" #: help/C/online-resources.xml:8(para) msgid "If you run Debian you can apt-get install solfege to download and install the program." msgstr "" #: help/C/online-resources.xml:11(title) msgid "Mailing lists" msgstr "" #: help/C/online-resources.xml:14(para) msgid "Very low traffic, moderated and will be used to announce stable releases of Solfege. (Subscription | Archive)" msgstr "" #: help/C/online-resources.xml:18(para) msgid "If you want to report problems installing or running Solfege, or have questions, comments or ideas on how to improve Solfege, please post to this list instead of using the message forum at Sourceforge or the author directly. You can post to solfege-devel without subscribing. (Subscription | Archive)" msgstr "" #: help/C/online-resources.xml:22(para) msgid "The standard GNU address to send bug reports. This list is at the moment forwarded to solfege-devel@lists.sourceforge.net" msgstr "" #: help/C/nameinterval.xml:2(title) msgid "Name intervals" msgstr "" #: help/C/nameinterval.xml:10(phrase) help/C/melodicinterval.xml:10(phrase) #: help/C/interval-config-help.xml:16(phrase) #: help/C/harmonicinterval.xml:10(phrase) msgid "Screenshot of the program practising intervals using the buttons interface." msgstr "" #: help/C/nameinterval.xml:16(para) msgid "In this exercise, Solfege will display and play an interval, and you should identify the interval. This is a music theory exercise, and not an ear training exercise. To learn how to name intervals you should read ." msgstr "" #: help/C/nameinterval.xml:22(para) msgid "You identify the interval by clicking on one button telling the specific name and the general name." msgstr "" #: help/C/music-theory.xml:2(title) msgid "Music theory" msgstr "Музыкальная теория" #: help/C/music-theory.xml:5(para) msgid "Davide Bonetti has contributed a large set of scale exercises and some pages describing all the scales. You can see the pages here." msgstr "Давиде Бонетти предоставил большой набор упражнений с ладами и страницы описания всех эти ладов. Вы можете увидеть эти страницы здесь." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:10(title) msgid "Intervals" msgstr "Интервалы" #: help/C/music-theory.xml:11(para) msgid "In music theory we use the word interval when we talk about the pitch difference between two notes. We call them harmonic intervals if two tones sound simultaneously and melodic intervals if they sound successively." msgstr "В музыкальной теории мы используем слово 'интервал', когда говорим о разнице в высоте между двумя нотами. Мы называем интервалы гармоническими, если две ноты звучат одновременно, и мелодическими интервалами, если они звучат последовательно." #. translators: This paragraph is messy because the author is writing #. in english, and english is not his mother language. Write this paragraph #. so that is as clear and simple as possible, describing only what is relevant #. for your language #: help/C/music-theory.xml:20(para) msgid "Interval names consist of two parts. Some examples are \"major third\" and \"perfect fifth\". In Walter Piston's \"Harmony\" the two parts are called the specific name and the general name part. Wikipedia talks about interval quality and interval number. I have seen people talking about an interval's numerical size." msgstr "Названия интервалов состоят из двух частей. Примеры: \"большая терция \" и \"чистая квинта \". В \"Гармонии \" Уолтера Пистона эти две части названы специфическим названием и общим названием. Википедия говорит о качестве интервала и объеме (количестве) интервала. Я встречал людей, говорящих о числовом размере интервала." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:27(para) msgid "You find the general name by counting the steps on the staff, ignoring any accidentals. So if the interval you want to name goes from E to G#, then we count to 3 (E F G) and see that the general name is third." msgstr "Вы определяете общее название, подсчитывая ступеньки на нотном стане, игнорируя любые знаки альтерации. Итак, если интервал, который Вы хотите назвать, расположен от E до G#, тогда мы считаем до трех (E F G) и видим, что общим названием является терция." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:40(para) msgid "The specific name tells the exact size of the interval. Unisons, fourths, fifths and octaves can be diminished, pure or augmented. Seconds, thirds, sixths and sevenths can be minor, major, diminished or augmented. A minor interval is one semitone smaller than a major interval. A diminished interval is one semitone smaller than a pure or a minor interval, and an augmented interval is one semitone larger than a pure or major interval." msgstr "Специфическое название сообщает точный размер интервала. Примы, кварты, квинты и октавы могут быть уменьшенными, чистыми или увеличенными. Секунды, терции, сексты и септимы могут быть малыми, большими, уменьшенными или увеличенными. Малый интервал на один полутон меньше, чем большой интервал. Уменьшенный интервал одним полутоном меньше, чем чистый или малый интервал, а увеличенный интервал полутоном больше, чем чистый или большой интервал." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:48(para) msgid "Accidentals change the size of intervals. The interval becomes one semitone larger if you add a sharp to the highest tone or a flat to the lowest tone. And it becomes one semitone smaller if you add a flat to the highest tone or a sharp to the lowest tone. In the following sections naming of the intervals will be shown in greater detail." msgstr "Знаки альтерации меняют размер интервалов. Интервал становится на полутоном больше, если вы добавляете диез к верхней ноте или бемоль к нижней ноте. И он становится на один полутон меньшим, если добавить бемоль к верхней ноте или диез к нижней. В следующих разделах определение названия интервалов будет показано подробнее." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:57(title) msgid "Seconds" msgstr "Секунды" #: help/C/music-theory.xml:58(para) msgid "Seconds are easy to recognise: the two notes are neighbours on the staff. One note is on a staff line, and the other one is in the space above or below. A minor second is one semitone step, also called a half step. A major second is two semitone steps, also called a whole step." msgstr "Секунды легко узнать: две ноты являются соседними на нотном стане. Одна нота находится на линии стана, а другая - в промежутке выше или ниже. Малая секунда - это шаг на полутон. Большая секунда - это два полутоновых шага, также называемых целым тоном." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:63(para) msgid "To learn to identify seconds, you first have to learn which seconds there are between the natural tones. As you can see in , only the intervals E-F and B-C are minor seconds. The rest are major intervals. You can check that is correct by looking at a piano. You will see that there are no black keys between E and F and between B and C." msgstr "Чтобы научиться определять секунды, Вам нужно сперва узнать, какие секунды имеются между нотами натурального звукоряда. Как вы можете увидеть на , только интервалы E-F и В-С являются малыми секундами. Остальные - большие интервалы. Вы можете проверить, правилен ли , глядя на фортепиано. Вы увидите, что черных клавиш нет между Е и F, а также между В и С." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:79(para) msgid "If the second has accidentals, then we have to examine them to find out how they change the size of the interval. Let us identify a few intervals!" msgstr "Если секунда имеет знаки альтерации, мы должны исследовать их, чтобы узнать, как они меняют изразмер интервала. Давайте определим несколько интервалов!" #: help/C/music-theory.xml:92(para) #, fuzzy msgid "We remove the accidental from the interval in and see that the interval F-G is a major second. When we add the flat to the highest tone, the interval becomes one semitone smaller, turning into a minor second." msgstr "Мы удаляем знак альтерации из интервала на и видим, что интервал F-G является большой секундой. Когда мы добавляем бемоль к верхней ноте, интервал уменьшается на один полутон, и становится малой секундой." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:106(para) #, fuzzy msgid "We remove the accidentals, and see that the interval A-B is a major second. You still remember , don't you? Then we add the flat to the A, and the interval becomes an augmented second. And when we add the flat to the B, the interval becomes a major second." msgstr "Мы удаляем знаки альтерации и видим, что интервал А-В является большой секундой. Вы еще помните , не так ли? Затем добавляем бемоль к A, и интервал становится увеличенной секундой. А если добавляем бемоль к B, интервал становится большой секундой." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:121(para) #, fuzzy msgid "We remove the accidentals, and see that the interval E-F is a minor second. When we add a flat to the lowest tone, the interval becomes one semitone larger, turning into a major second. And when we add a sharp to the highest tone, the interval becomes one semitone larger, turning into an augmented second." msgstr "Удаляем знаки альтерации и видим, что отрезок E-F является малой секундой. Когда мы добавляем бемоль к нижней ноте, интервал становится на один полутон больше, и превращается в большую секунду. И когда мы добавляем диез к верхней ноте, интервал становится одним полутоном больше, превращаясь в увеличенную секунду." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:134(title) msgid "Thirds" msgstr "Терции" #: help/C/music-theory.xml:135(para) msgid "A minor third is one minor and one major second, or three semitones. A major third are two major seconds, or four semitone steps. shows the thirds between all the natural tones. You should memorise the major intervals, C-E, F-A and G-B. Then you know that the other four intervals are minor." msgstr "Малая терция - это одна малая и одна большая секунда, или три полутона. Большая терция - это две больших секунды, или четыре полутона. показывает терции от нот натурального звукоряда. Вы должны запомнить большие интервалы C-E, F-A и G-B. Тогда вы будете знать, что четыре остальных интервала малые." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:150(para) msgid "Then you examine the accidentals to see if they change the specific name. This is done exactly the same way as for seconds." msgstr "Затем Вы изучаете знаки альтерации, чтобы понять, меняют ли они специфическое название. Это делается в точности так же, как для секунд." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:158(title) msgid "Fourth" msgstr "Кварты" #: help/C/music-theory.xml:159(para) msgid "A pure fourth is 2½ steps, or two major seconds and a minor second. shows all fourths between natural tones. You should memorise that the fourth F-B is augmented, and that the other six are pure." msgstr "Чистая кварта - это 2 ½ тона или две больших секунды и одна малая. показывает все кварты между нотами натурального звукоряда. Вы должны запомнить, что кварта F-B увеличенная, а остальные шесть являются чистыми." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:178(title) msgid "Fifth" msgstr "Квинты" #: help/C/music-theory.xml:179(para) msgid "A pure fifth is 3½ steps, or three major seconds and a minor second. shows all fifths between natural tones. You should remember that all those intervals are pure, except B-F that is diminished." msgstr "Чистая квинта - это 3 ½ тона или три больших секунды и одна малая. показывает все квинты между нотами натурального звукоряда. Вы должны помнить, что все эти интервалы чистые, кроме B-F, который является уменьшенным." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:193(para) msgid "If an interval has accidentals, then we must examine them to see how they change the size of the interval. A diminished fifth is one semitone smaller than a pure interval, and an augmented fifth is one semitone larger. Below you will find a few examples:" msgstr "Если интервал имеет знаки альтерации, мы должны исследовать их, чтобы понять, как они изменяют размер интервала. Уменьшенная квинта одним полутоном меньше, чем чистый интервал, а увеличенная квинта - одним полутоном больше. Ниже вы найдете несколько примеров:" #: help/C/music-theory.xml:207(para) msgid "We remember from that the interval B-F is a diminished fifth. The lowest tone in is preceded by a flat that makes the interval one semitone larger and changes the interval from a diminished to a pure fifth." msgstr "Мы помним из , что интервал B-F - это уменьшенная квинта. Нижней ноте на предшествует бемоль, что делает интервал полутоном больше и превращает интервал из уменьшенной квинту в чистую." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:222(para) msgid "We know from that interval E-B is a perfect fifth. In the E has a flat in front of it, making the interval augmented. But then the B is preceded by a double flat that makes the interval two semitone steps smaller and changes the interval to a diminished fifth." msgstr "Мы знаем из , что интервал E-B - это чистая квинта. На 'E' имеет спереди бемоль, делающий интервал увеличенным. Но 'B' предшествует дубль-бемоль, который уменьшает интервал на два полутона, и превращает его в уменьшенную квинту." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:230(title) msgid "Sixths" msgstr "Сексты" #: help/C/music-theory.xml:231(para) #, fuzzy msgid "Sixths are easiest identified by inverting the interval and identifying the third. Then the following rule applies:" msgstr "Сексты проще всего определить, используя обращения интервала и определяя терцию. Тогда применяют следующее правило:" #: help/C/music-theory.xml:236(para) msgid "If the third is diminished, then the sixth is augmented" msgstr "Если терция - уменьшенная, то секста - увеличенная" #: help/C/music-theory.xml:237(para) msgid "If the third is minor, then the sixth is major" msgstr "Если терция - малая, то секста - большая" #: help/C/music-theory.xml:238(para) msgid "If the third is major, then the sixth is minor" msgstr "Если терция большая, то секста - малая" #: help/C/music-theory.xml:239(para) msgid "If the third is augmented, then the sixth is diminished" msgstr "Если терция - увеличенная, то секста - уменьшенная" #: help/C/music-theory.xml:242(para) msgid "If you find inverting intervals difficult, then you can memorise that the intervals E-C, A-F and B-G are minor. The other four are major. Then you examine the accidentals to see if they change the specific name. This is done exactly the same way as for seconds." msgstr "Если Вы находите обращение интервалов сложным, можете запомнить, что интервалы E-C, A-F и B-G - малые. Остальные четыре - большие. Далее исследуйте знаки альтерации, чтобы понять, изменяют ли они специфическое название. Это делается точно так же, как для секунд." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:259(title) msgid "Sevenths" msgstr "Септимы" #: help/C/music-theory.xml:260(para) msgid "Sevenths are identified the same way as sixths. When you invert a seventh, you get a second." msgstr "Септимы определяются тем же способом, что и сексты. Когда Вы обращаете септиму, получается секунда." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:263(para) msgid "If you find inverting intervals difficult, then you can memorise that the intervals C-B and F-E are major. The other five are minor. Then you examine the accidentals to see if they change the specific name. This is done exactly the same way as for seconds." msgstr "Если Вы находите обращение интервалов сложным, можете запомнить, что интервалы C-B и F-E - малые. Остальные пять - большие. Далее исследуйте знаки альтерации, чтобы понять, меняют ли они специфическое название. Это делается точно так же, как для секунд." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:283(title) msgid "Inverting intervals" msgstr "Обращение интервалов" #: help/C/music-theory.xml:284(para) msgid "You invert an interval when you move the lowest tone of an interval one octave higher or the highest tone one octave lower. The general name changes this way:" msgstr "Вы обращаете интервал, когда перемещаете нижнюю ноту интервала на октаву выше или верхнюю ноту на октаву ниже. Общее название меняется следующим образом:" #: help/C/music-theory.xml:287(para) msgid "Second becomes seventh." msgstr "Секунда становится септимой." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:288(para) msgid "Third becomes sixth." msgstr "Терция становится секстой." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:289(para) msgid "Forth becomes fifth." msgstr "Кварта становится квинтой" #: help/C/music-theory.xml:290(para) msgid "Fifth becomes fourth." msgstr "Квинта становится квартой." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:291(para) msgid "Sixth becomes third." msgstr "Секста становится терцией." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:292(para) msgid "Seventh becomes second." msgstr "Септима становится секундой." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:295(para) msgid "The specific name changes this way:" msgstr "Специфическое название изменяется следующим образом:" #: help/C/music-theory.xml:297(para) msgid "Diminished becomes augmented." msgstr "Уменьшенная становится увеличенной." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:298(para) msgid "Minor becomes major." msgstr "Малая становится большой." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:299(para) msgid "Perfect stays perfect." msgstr "Чистая остается чистой." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:300(para) msgid "Major becomes minor." msgstr "Большая становится малой." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:301(para) msgid "Augmented becomes diminished." msgstr "Увеличенная становится уменьшенной." #: help/C/music-theory.xml:304(para) msgid "Below are two examples, a major third is inverted and becomes a minor sixth, and a minor seventh is inverted and becomes a major second." msgstr "Ниже приведены два примера: большая терция обращается и превращается в малую сексту, а малая септима обращается и становится большой секундой." #: help/C/melodicinterval.xml:2(title) msgid "Melodic interval" msgstr "Мелодический интервал" #: help/C/melodicinterval.xml:16(para) msgid "This exercise creates random intervals and you should try to identify them." msgstr "" #: help/C/melodicinterval.xml:18(para) help/C/harmonicinterval.xml:22(para) msgid "If you are using the buttons interface, then you can right-click on the buttons to hear the interval they represent." msgstr "" #: help/C/interval-config-help.xml:2(title) msgid "Configuration" msgstr "Настройка" #: help/C/interval-config-help.xml:3(para) msgid "On the config page of the exercise, there is a combo box where you can select different ways to answer the question. Currently there is a piano, guitar, bass and a few types of accordion in addition to the default buttons interface. Below is a screenshot showing the piano interface." msgstr "" #: help/C/idtone.xml:2(title) msgid "Identify tone" msgstr "" #: help/C/idtone.xml:16(para) msgid "This is a combined tone memory and interval exercise. Some people believe this kind of exercise can give you perfect pitch (absolute pitch), but I don't believe so." msgstr "" #: help/C/idtone.xml:22(para) msgid "The basics are: the program play a tone and you must identify it by comparing it with the last tone played for you." msgstr "" #: help/C/idtone.xml:26(para) msgid "To get you started the program will play one tone and display its name on the status bar. You identify the tones by clicking on the piano keyboard or using the keyboard shortcuts that are the letters written on each key." msgstr "" #: help/C/idtone.xml:31(para) msgid "Right click on the piano keyboard to hear a note without actually guessing it. (Some will call that cheating....)" msgstr "" #: help/C/idtone.xml:35(title) msgid "Manual configuration" msgstr "" #: help/C/idtone.xml:37(para) msgid "You can configure this exercise as you like if you select select “Configure yourself” front the default front page." msgstr "" #: help/C/idtone.xml:40(para) msgid "There are several ways you can use this exercise. Personally, I have not used this exercise very much, and the sections below are only suggestions." msgstr "" #: help/C/idtone.xml:44(title) msgid "Note by note" msgstr "" #: help/C/idtone.xml:45(para) msgid "Start with only the notes c-d-e at weight 1. When your score is at least 96% correct, you add the tone f and continue. Exercises are defined that will add one and one tone until you practise with all 12 tones." msgstr "" #: help/C/idtone.xml:52(title) msgid "Heavy A" msgstr "" #: help/C/idtone.xml:54(para) msgid "Configure with the tone a at weight 11 (or higher) and the rest of the tones at weight 1. This way the program will play the tone a very often, so you will remember the tone, and then you use a as a reference tone to identify the other tones. When you have practised a while, you can reduce the weight of a to make the exercise harder." msgstr "" #: help/C/idtone.xml:60(para) msgid "If run from “Configure yourself”, on the top of the config page you tell the program how important the different tones are. If you for example give the tone a 11 points and the rest 1 point each, then (11+11*1)/11*100 = 50% of the random tones will be an a." msgstr "" #: help/C/idtone.xml:65(para) msgid "Below that you select what octaves the random tones can be from." msgstr "" #: help/C/idtone.xml:67(para) msgid "Then you can select if Solfege should give you a new question automatically when you have solved the old." msgstr "" #: help/C/idtone.xml:70(para) msgid "In the frame below you can set some pretty self explaining options about what happens if you answer wrong." msgstr "" #: help/C/idtone.xml:73(para) msgid "The keyboard shortcuts can be configured from the preferences window." msgstr "" #: help/C/idproperty.xml:2(title) msgid "Multiple choice answers to music" msgstr "" #: help/C/idproperty.xml:17(para) msgid "This page is a generic help page for all exercises written using the idproperty exercise module. Exercises will typically write more specialized help text than this." msgstr "" #: help/C/idproperty.xml:21(para) msgid "The screenshot above show one example of how an exercise can look like." msgstr "" #: help/C/idproperty.xml:24(para) msgid "The exercise will display a question and play some music, and you have to select one answer from each column in the table of buttons. When you select the correct answer in a column, the label will turn bold, and the message \"Correct\" will be flashed in the status bar." msgstr "" #: help/C/idproperty.xml:29(para) msgid "The exercise will have a Repeat arpeggio if one or more of the questions is of a type the program can play arpeggiated." msgstr "" #: help/C/identifybpm.xml:2(title) msgid "Beats per minute" msgstr "" #: help/C/identifybpm.xml:13(para) msgid "The program will play a tempo, like a metronome. You should try to guess how many beats per minute is played. Each button represents one tempo, and the program will only play in tempos that has a button with bold text. Right-click on buttons to change the status of a tempo." msgstr "" #: help/C/identifybpm.xml:18(para) msgid "Note: the rhythm depends on the gtk timeout_add function to play the rhythm, so it is not very precise." msgstr "" #: help/C/idbyname-intonation.xml:2(title) msgid "Intonation" msgstr "" #: help/C/idbyname-intonation.xml:16(para) msgid "In this exercise, Solfege will play a interval, and you should tell how the interval is intonated. You do this by clicking on one of the buttons labeled 'too small', 'pure' or 'too large'. It is also possible that one of these three buttons are missing." msgstr "" #: help/C/idbyname-chords.xml:2(title) msgid "Identify the chord" msgstr "" #: help/C/idbyname-chords.xml:16(para) msgid "The purpose of this exercise is to identify the chord being played." msgstr "" #: help/C/idbyname-chords.xml:17(para) msgid "Start the exercise by pressing New. Solfege will then play a chord, and you should identify it by clicking one of the buttons below the empty staff line." msgstr "" #: help/C/idbyname-chords.xml:19(para) msgid "If you guess correct, the program will display the chord on the staff line and flash the message \"Correct\" in the status bar. Then you can click the button New to get a new question." msgstr "" #: help/C/idbyname-chords.xml:21(para) msgid "If you guess wrong the message \"Wrong\" will be displayed in the status bar." msgstr "" #: help/C/idbyname-cadences.xml:2(title) msgid "Identify the cadence" msgstr "" #: help/C/idbyname-cadences.xml:3(para) msgid "Identify the cadence by clicking on the button with its name. As acknowledged in bug #5 we need cadence exercises in Solfege." msgstr "" #: help/C/idbyname-cadences.xml:8(para) msgid "In this release of Solfege, we only have one exercise with cadences in major. In this exercise, a major scale is played to establish the tonic. Maybe this is too little? Do we need a complete I-IV-V-I before the question? Or maybe it is better to write real music that ends in the cadence we want to practise? This are things we need to decide before we release 3.12.0. Comments and music can be added to bug #5." msgstr "" #: help/C/harmonicinterval.xml:2(title) msgid "Harmonic interval" msgstr "" #: help/C/harmonicinterval.xml:16(para) msgid "This exercise is one of the exercises you can use to practise intervals. The concept is pretty simple: You press the New interval button to play a random interval, and then you should tell what interval it was." msgstr "" #: help/C/elembuilder-harmonic-progressions.xml:2(title) msgid "Harmonic progression dictation" msgstr "" #: help/C/elembuilder-harmonic-progressions.xml:16(para) msgid "In this exercise, Solfege will play some music, and you must click on the buttons to build a representation of the harmonic progressions in the exercise." msgstr "" #: help/C/ear-training-test-printout-editor.xml:2(title) msgid "Ear training test print-out editor" msgstr "" #: help/C/ear-training-test-printout-editor.xml:3(para) msgid "This tool is available on the File menu. Use it to create ear training tests to print out on paper. Solfege will generate two versions of the document: one for the students to complete, and one with the correct answer already written." msgstr "" #: help/C/ear-training-test-printout-editor.xml:10(para) msgid "The Add button will pop up a menu with all exercises from the active front page that this tool can create exercises from. When writing this, the exercise modules idbyname, melodicinterval and harmonicinterval. From lesson files written for the idbyname module, only chord, rvoice and voice music objects are supported." msgstr "" #: help/C/dictation.xml:2(title) msgid "Dictation" msgstr "" #: help/C/dictation.xml:10(phrase) msgid "Screenshot of the program running the dictation exercise." msgstr "" #: help/C/dictation.xml:19(para) msgid "You can let Solfege play some music for you that you are supposed to write down on paper. Click on the buttons with a quarter note pixmap to repeat smaller parts of the music. You have to click on the Show button and check your notes yourself to see if you made any mistakes." msgstr "" #: help/C/dictation.xml:25(para) msgid "You can use this exercise to practise sight singing: When you start the exercise, press Show and then try to sing the music. Then you can use the Play the whole music button or the quarter note buttons to let the program play the music. You have to decide yourself if you think you succeeded." msgstr "" #: help/C/dictation.xml:16(para) msgid "This exercise is called the dictation exercise, but if the necessary lesson files are written it can be used in several ways: " msgstr "" #: help/C/bug-reporting.xml:2(title) msgid "Bugs" msgstr "" #: help/C/bug-reporting.xml:3(para) msgid "Report bugs to the bug tracker at http://bugs.solfege.org. Alternately, you can send an email to bug-solfege@gnu.org. General questions and patches should be sent to solfege-devel@lists.sourceforge.net." msgstr "" #: help/C/bug-reporting.xml:9(para) msgid "Please make your bug reports detailed. ''I get an error message in a window when I try to start the program.'' is not usable to me. When reporting bugs:" msgstr "" #: help/C/bug-reporting.xml:14(para) msgid "Tell me what version of Solfege you run. Please check if a newer release is available. If you only want to run stable releases, then you don't have to test newer development releases." msgstr "" #: help/C/bug-reporting.xml:15(para) msgid "What operating system are you running? Version?" msgstr "" #: help/C/bug-reporting.xml:16(para) msgid "Describe exactly what you are doing when the error happens." msgstr "" #: help/C/bug-reporting.xml:17(para) msgid "Send an exact copy of the error messages. They make sense to the Solfege author even if you think they look cryptic to you." msgstr "" #: help/C/about-statistics.xml:2(title) msgid "About statistics" msgstr "" #: help/C/about-statistics.xml:3(para) msgid "Some exercises will show some statistics for different periods of time: Session, Today, Last 7 days and Total. The program uses two different kind of tables." msgstr "" #: help/C/about-statistics.xml:15(phrase) msgid "Screenshot of the percentages table of a statistics page." msgstr "" #: help/C/about-statistics.xml:20(para) msgid "The first table, as shown in the screenshot above, have one row for each question in the lesson file. Percent is the percentage of the times the question have been answered correctly. Count is the number of times the question have been asked." msgstr "" #: help/C/about-statistics.xml:27(para) msgid "In the second type of table, the columns have the same labels as the rows, but the labels are not displayed because it will make the table too wide. So in the screenshot above, column 1 should have the label m3↑ and column 2 M3↑. For the questions identified by the label of each row, each column tell how many times the user have answered the different possible answers. The bold number is the number of times the correct answer have been give." msgstr "" #. Put one translator per line, in the form of NAME , YEAR1, YEAR2 #: help/C/about-statistics.xml:0(None) msgid "translator-credits" msgstr "Перевод: Руслан Федяров , 2008, 2009, 2010" #~ msgid "Key bindings" #~ msgstr "Горячие клавиши" #~ msgid "Select a exercise from the menu to start practising, or click here to read the user manual." #~ msgstr "Выберите упражнение из меню, чтобы начать практику, или щелкните здесь, чтобы читать руководство пользователя." #~ msgid "About the manual" #~ msgstr "Об этом руководстве" #~ msgid "This user guide is available from inside GNU Solfege on the Help menu. The html viewer included in the program is limited in several ways, for example when it comes to CSS style sheets, so you might want to view it in a real web browser. You can find the install directory of the user manual from File locations on the Help menu." #~ msgstr "Это руководство пользователя доступно изнутри GNU Solfege в меню Справка. HTML-просмотрщик, включенный в данную программу, ограничен в некоторых аспектах, например, в отношении листов стилей CSS, так что Вы, возможно, захотите просматривать его в настоящем браузере. Вы можете отыскать установочный каталог этого руководства пользователя из пункта Расположения файлов в меню Справка." #~ msgid "Not really documentation..." #~ msgstr "Не совсем документация..." #~ msgid "This appendix contain the file that is displayed when the program starts, before the user selects an exercise." #~ msgstr "Это приложение содержит файл, отображаемый при запуске программы, прежде чем пользователь выберет упражнение."